Windy Season? How to Identify and Fix Wind-Damaged Shingles

Each year, hurricanes cause billions of dollars in losses for homeowners across the country. In an effort to combat this, the roofing industry has made advances to help reduce the impact caused by storm damage, including specially designed shingles that can handle heavy impacts and high winds.If you live in a hurricane-prone area, here's what you need to know about hurricane shingles designed to handle the high wind speeds and debris impacts that can come with major hurricanes.Understanding Impact-Resistant ShinglesHurricane Shingles, (or impact-resistant shingles) are built to withstand both impacts and high wind speeds. They're robust, often created from a unique combination of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) and asphalt, providing more strength than non-reinforced asphalt shingles.In hurricane-prone areas, sharp winds can easily blow debris and other large objects—like tree branches—onto a roof. Shingles that pass the UL 2218 Class 4 impact-resistant test are most effective at limiting impact damage. These shingles are tested by dropping a 2-inch steel ball from 20 feet above. The steel ball impacts various target locations of the shingles on the test deck. The test includes two impacts per target location. The shingles must handle the impact while showing no evidence of ruptures or cracks through the shingle.These shingles should also be able to withstand Category 3 hurricane wind speeds, ranging from 111 to 129 mph.Choosing the Right Shingles for Your RoofWhen deciding between hurricane shingles, consider their wind classification, impact resistance, and warranties.Wind ClassificationQuality, UL 2218 Class 4 impact-resistant shingles should be able to handle at least 110 mph wind speeds. These shingles tend to be made of either metal or asphalt mixed with SBS. For example, the GAF TimberSteel™ Premium Metal Roofing System is effective against high wind speeds due to layers of protection, innovatively designed to help protect your home against the elements.Impact ResistanceQuality hurricane roofing materials, including impact-resistant shingles come with enhanced protection against impacts from objects, especially hail. While these shingles may be more expensive than non-reinforced asphalt shingles, they tend to require less maintenance. And since these shingles can withstand certain kinds of impacts that often happen during a hurricane, it may not need as many repairs.WarrantiesConsider the shingles' warranties and what you're protected against. A wind warranty can guarantee roof repair and replacement for specific wind speeds as long as you meet all the warranty's requirements.GAF Hurricane Roofing InnovationsCertain GAF shingles like Timberline® AS II have the best possible wind and impact resistance ratings. They meet the highest rating, Class F, for the Standard Test Method for Wind Resistance of Steep Slope Roofing Products (ASTM D3161). This means they can withstand wind speeds up to 110 mph.Timberline® AS II shingles also have the highest rating, Class H, for the Classification for the Standard Test Method for Wind Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (ASTM D7158). This means the shingles can resist uplift from up to 150 mph wind speeds. If that wasn't enough, these shingles' Class 4 classification for the UL 2218 test means they can handle a 2-inch steel ball drop test from 20 feet above.With the highest possible ratings for all these tests, the Timberline® AS II shingles are proven and tested against the closest possible hurricane-like conditions (testing performed under controlled laboratory conditions). The robust SBS-modified asphalt material and LayerLock® technology help fortify your roof against wind, rain, and hail. These GAF shingles are also eligible for the WindProven™ Limited Wind Warranty**, which provides infinite wind speed protection when installed with the required combination of four qualifying GAF accessories.Shingle Installation and Roof Maintenance TipsProperly installing impact-resistant shingles is essential for them to perform their best, so choose an experienced roofer. They'll know how to nail the shingles correctly and make sure they're firmly attached to each other and the roof to prevent any openings for leaks or weaknesses. Also, ask your roofer if they know how to install hurricane clips to help prevent your roof from flying off during a storm.Once your roof is installed, perform regular maintenance every year before and after hurricane season. Replace any missing or broken shingles, and secure any loose shingles. Also, replace any rusted nails or flashing. As part of roof maintenance, confirm your gutters are working properly and clean out any leaves, allowing water to flow away from your home.A weak point on a roof can degrade even further in harsh hurricane weather, and ensuring your roof is in stable condition can help keep you and your home safe.FAQsWhat are the best shingles for high wind?The best shingles for high winds are classified as Class F for the ASTM D3161 and Class H for the ASTM D7158 test. These two classifications mean the shingles have the best ratings for handling hurricane winds.Do impact-resistant shingles last longer?Due to their durable construction, made with SBS-modified asphalt, which makes shingles more flexible and better able to withstand impact stress than standard architectural shingles, GAF impact-resistant shingles are built to last many years.Preparing for the Next StormAfter the hurricane season, check your roof for damage. View this GAF guide on roof storm damage to learn what to look for and what to expect for possible repairs. If your roof needs work before or after a storm, reach out to a certified contractor* in your local area for guidance and support.*Contractors enrolled in GAF certification programs are not employees or agents of GAF, and GAF does not control or otherwise supervise these independent businesses. Contractors may receive benefits, such as loyalty rewards points and discounts on marketing tools from GAF for participating in the program and offering GAF enhanced warranties, which require the use of a minimum amount of GAF products. Your dealings with a Contractor, and any services they provide to you, are subject to the GAF Contractor Terms of Use.**15-year WindProven™ limited wind warranty covers GAF Shingles with LayerLock® Technology only and requires the use of GAF Starter Strips, Roof Deck Protection, Ridge Cap Shingles, and Leak Barrier or Attic Ventilation. See GAF Roofing System Limited Warranty for complete coverage and restrictions. Visit gaf.com/LRS for qualifying GAF products. For installations not eligible for the WindProven limited wind warranty, see GAF Shingle & Accessory Limited Warranty for complete coverage and restrictions.

If you have trees on your property, you're probably aware of their many benefits. They can boost your property's aesthetic appeal, create privacy, and provide shade to keep your home cooler. Trees can also protect your roof from ultraviolet rays and block wind, minimizing related damage.However, if trees aren't maintained, they can cause damage to your roof. Here are the signs to look for, what to do if a tree falls on your roof, and how to prevent tree damage to your roof in the future.How Nearby Trees Can Damage Your RoofYou're likely aware that the worst damage to a roof can occur when an entire tree falls on your home. This can happen during a severe storm or if an older tree is ill or damaged.However, one tree branch can cause plenty of structural damage, too. Even a small branch falling on or rubbing against your roof can scratch or dent its protective layers, especially if it's laden with snow or ice.And branches aren't the only culprits that can damage your roof. Fallen leaves, nuts, and needles from trees can accumulate, blocking your gutters and roof valleys. This creates an environment that absorbs moisture, leading to moss or mold growth—both of which can reduce your roof's lifespan. Ponding water from this debris can cause leaks over time.Overhanging branches can also create too much shade, exacerbating any moisture issues by making it challenging for your roof to dry. Additionally, branches that touch your roof create easy access for squirrels and other animals, potentially leading to intrusions and damaged roofing components.Signs of Roof DamageTo stop any issues from a tree over the roof from worsening, watch out for signs of roof damage. While a professional inspection can help pinpoint problems by taking a closer look at your roof, you can also perform an inspection from the ground.Look for any cracked, broken, scratched, or curled shingles. Also, note any missing shingles, especially after a windstorm. Check for moss, mold, or an accumulation of debris like leaves and needles. All of these issues can lead to leaks or larger problems down the road, such as structural damage.What to Do If a Tree Falls on Your RoofIf a large branch or entire tree has fallen and damaged your roof or siding, prioritize your safety. If you see any live wires, smell gas, or spot major water leaks, call your utility company right away to shut off your service. Evacuate everyone from your home, and call your insurance company. In most cases, the company will send a professional roofer to evaluate the damage.While you're waiting for the expert to arrive, document the damage by taking photos and video of any areas the fallen tree affected. Once the insurance company has approved your claim, hire a professional to remove the tree and repair the damage.While most homeowners insurance policies cover roof repairs from tree damage, your insurance company might deny your claim if it discovers you failed to do preventive maintenance.How to Prevent Tree Damage to Your RoofProactively addressing tree-related challenges can help you minimize potential roof damage, saving you time and money in the long run.Clear DebrisRemove leaves, twigs, needles, and nuts from your roof and gutters. Installing gutter guards can also help prevent debris from clogging them.Trim BranchesTrim any tree branches that are too close to your roof. Avoid having any part of a tree over the roof—there should be at least 6 feet between your roof and the tips of a tree's branches. If you can't safely trim branches yourself, hire a tree expert.Remove Dangerous TreesIf an arborist determines that more than one-quarter of a tree's limbs need pruning, you might have to cut down the tree before it can fall on your roof. Don't forget to check with local authorities regarding bylaws and protected tree species.Plant Trees at a Safe DistanceIf you're planting new trees, remember they'll grow large over time. So, select species appropriate for your property's size, and plant them about 20 to 30 feet away from your home.Prepare for the Next Storm with Expert HelpAs the saying goes, the best defense is a good offense. Before another storm can threaten the health of your home's roof, take proactive measures to prevent as much damage as possible.For more information about preventing tree damage to your roof, check out GAF storm and hurricane roofing resources. To enlist professional help in repairing roof damage or installing a fortified roofing system, reach out to a GAF-certified roofing contractor* in your area.*Contractors enrolled in GAF certification programs are not employees or agents of GAF, and GAF does not control or otherwise supervise these independent businesses. Contractors may receive benefits, such as loyalty rewards points and discounts on marketing tools from GAF for participating in the program and offering GAF enhanced warranties, which require the use of a minimum amount of GAF products. Your dealings with a Contractor, and any services they provide to you, are subject to the GAF Contractor Terms of Use.

While roof shingles come in many shapes and colors, the material is the defining factor separating different options. Whether you're replacing your roof or considering what to install on your new house, comparing shingle materials can help you choose the best option for your home. So, what are shingles made of, exactly? Here's what you need to know.AsphaltAsphalt shingles are the most common roofing shingles. In fact, more than 80% of US homes have asphalt shingles. They're popular because they're cost-effective and come in many different colors and styles.Asphalt shingles are made of a fire-resistant fiberglass base. An asphalt coating gets added over the fiberglass base for water resistance. It's then topped off with mineral granules (a blend of crushed granite, limestone, and ceramic materials) that add ultraviolet resistance, additional fire resistance, and color depth through pigments.As one of the leading brands in roofing, GAF has many options when it comes to asphalt shingles, including Timberline HDZ®, Timberline UHDZ®, and Timberline® NS, to name a few. They come in a variety of colors—charcoal, barkwood, pewter gray, and more—so you can easily match your home's color scheme. Plus, their high-quality construction can help ensure your roof will stand the test of time, with warranties to back it up.GAF's patented RoofCycle™ process recycles asphalt shingles, reducing landfill waste and the need for virgin asphalt in manufacturing. This innovation maintains high product quality while promoting environmental sustainability.MetalYou might choose metal shingles over asphalt shingles due to their sleek design and longevity. They're made of steel, aluminum, zinc, or copper, and each metal has its own advantages and disadvantages.Steel shingles are durable, making them a great option if you live in an area with heavy snow or hail. They're also cost-effective. Aluminum shingles are lightweight and long-lasting, but can be more expensive than other metals.The GAF TimberSteel™ system is a new metal roofing system that combines beauty, strength, and affordability. While metal shingles can sometimes cost more than asphalt, the GAF TimberSteel™ system maintains the durability of metal at a price that's not as tough on your budget.WoodWood shingles offer a timeless look that makes them popular with homeowners who have older more traditional homes. They're made from various tree species, including pine, redwood, cedar, and spruce.You can paint wood shingles to match your home's color scheme, giving you a full spectrum of color options. Wood shingles are also typically treated with special coatings that protect against the natural elements. However, they can be susceptible to water damage over time.SlateSlate shingles are produced from metamorphic rock and cut into shapes during processing. Slate's mineral composition produces different colors, and different compositions can create a unique and colorful roof.Slate roofs last a long time and require little maintenance. The disadvantage of slate is it can be more expensive than other materials, and it's heavy, meaning your home must be capable of carrying the extra weight.ClayClay shingles are made from natural clay that's processed and shaped into shingles or tiles. The clay is dried and hardened through a firing process. It's then glazed with coatings that add color and water resistance. Clay shingles can be expensive, however, and they're brittle, breaking easily under impact.Choosing the Right Option for YouUnderstanding shingle materials can help you narrow down your options. You'll also want to consider your home's architecture and your local weather patterns. Take a look at houses in your neighborhood: what are shingles made of in your area? Certain materials may be better choices depending on where you live. Talking with a GAF-certified contractor* can help guide you toward the best material for your roof.*Contractors enrolled in GAF certification programs are not employees or agents of GAF, and GAF does not control or otherwise supervise these independent businesses. Contractors may receive benefits, such as loyalty rewards points and discounts on marketing tools from GAF for participating in the program and offering GAF enhanced warranties, which require the use of a minimum amount of GAF products. Your dealings with a Contractor, and any services they provide to you, are subject to the GAF Contractor Terms of Use.